Global Climate Action and Local Rights: Survey Experimental Evidence on Public Support for Carbon Offsetting in Liberia

Abstract

When do citizens in developing countries support climate change action, such as carbon offsetting? Carbon offsetting, aimed at achieving a net zero carbon footprint through investments in renewable energy, forest conservation, or reforestation, is endorsed by many international organizations and climate agreements. However, its implementation in the Global South raises concerns about potential adverse effects on local communities, particularly those reliant on forest resources. Through an original survey experiment conducted in Liberia, we examine how different framings of carbon offsetting projects influence public support. Our findings reveal that negative framing, particularly highlighting the risks of land dispossession and project ineffectiveness, significantly reduces support for carbon offsetting, especially among individuals with personal ties to forest communities. Conversely, positive framing emphasizing economic and environmental benefits is less effective in generating support. The results underscore the importance of incorporating local perspectives and addressing equity concerns in the design and communication of climate policies to ensure their political sustainability in host countries. This study contributes to the broader literature on climate policy by providing insights into the public's reception of global climate initiatives in developing country contexts.